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History of indwelling needle
TIME：
2020-10-22 09:14
In 1962, the German Braun company invented the first indwelling needle "Braunüle". In the early 1980s, intravenous indwelling needles entered Asian developed countries and regions; in the 1990s, open indwelling needles were the first to enter the operating room in China. Since then, since indwelling needles can reduce the pain of multiple punctures compared with ordinary steel needles, they have been widely used in pediatrics. , And gradually affect other departments in the inpatient ward.
The design of the indwelling needle has gone from the initial open type to the closed type, from the ordinary type to the needle-proof safety type. The open type indwelling needle is the earliest type of indwelling needle. As the name suggests, the end of the catheter seat is open, so it is in puncture When the needle core is withdrawn, it is easy to cause blood leakage and increase the risk of medical staff contracting blood-borne diseases. This risk still exists even when operating with gloves. The closed indwelling needle is designed to avoid this. The disadvantage is that it is an integrated design that includes an extension tube, a catheter, and a closed infusion connector (such as a heparin cap). At the same time, in addition to direct blood exposure, more than 80 medical staff were infected with AIDS due to needle stick injuries, which directly promoted the transformation of the indwelling needle to a needle-stick-proof and safe design. This design makes it possible after the steel needle is withdrawn. , The steel needle is covered or wrapped by a special device, so as to prevent medical staff, including medical waste disposal personnel, from being injured by these steel needles that have been contaminated by the patient’s blood and contracting blood-borne diseases.
At the same time, the catheter material of the indwelling needle has also undergone a transformation from ordinary poly plastic to TEFLON to polyurethane (represented by BD Vialon). The material of the catheter fundamentally determines the indwelling result of the indwelling needle. Therefore, the catheter must not only have a certain strength and be easy to puncture, but also have the ability to resist discounts to allow the catheter to recover quickly after being folded or twisted. At the same time, the surface of the catheter should be smooth and not easy to form thrombus In order to reduce the risk of infection caused by bacterial colonization, it is also necessary to have an X-ray opaque function to ensure that the catheter is clearly positioned in the vein, which is particularly important when rare complications such as catheter rupture occur. The application of new materials, especially Vialon, can meet the above-mentioned requirements for catheters to the greatest extent. After evidence-based evidence, it can reduce complications compared with Teflon materials, increase indwelling time, and reduce unnecessary additional expenses.
In addition, the connector of the indwelling needle has also evolved from an open indwelling needle without a connector to a closed indwelling needle with a heparin cap with a connector, to a needle-free positive pressure connector: mechanical valve needle-free positive pressure connector and separation membrane Needleless connector.
The history of the change of indwelling needles is also the history of the changes of its core components, including catheter materials, infusion connectors and functions to prevent blood exposure and needle stick injuries